Waterproof fibrous material and process of making same



PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES P. ELLIOTT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

WATERPROOF FIBROUS MATERIAL AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 14:, 1920.

No Drawing. Application filed September 14, 1917, Serial No. 191,341. Renewed July 8, 1920. Serial To-all whom may concern Be it known that I, JAMES P. ELLIOTT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohicago, county of Cook, State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Waterproof Fibrous Material and Processes of Making Same, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

Heretofore waterproofed sheets made of fibrous material treated with asphalts, tars or other waterproofing substances have possessed the color of the waterproofing mate rial, usually black, although some other color would often be highly desirable. The reason for this has been that under the old ordinary process of making the material waterproof it has been immersed in a hot bath of the asphalt or tar until impregnated with the Waterproofing compound. It has been found impracticable to utilize an asphalt or a tar colored by means of a suitable pigment, because of the difliculty of obta ning good penetration of the fibrous material when the pigments were present to clog the pores. Soluble coloring materials could of course be employed, but because the greater portion of the waterproofing compoundthus colored would enter the fibrous structure and only a small part remain on the surface, there would be a great waste of coloring material and the colored product would be quite expensive. Consequently neither of these two expedients has been, so far as I am aware, adopted and, where a colored surface was required, it was obtained by covering the surface of the completed waterproofed product with a suitably colored material.

One of the objects of the resent invention is to make possible the pro notion of water- ,proofed fibrous material having any color which may conveniently be given to asphalts and tars, in a simple and inexpensive manner.

Another feature of my invention has to do with the production of a laminated structure made up of a plurality of waterproofed sheets of fibrous material. A process has long been sought by means of which two layers of paper or felt roofing, for example, could be secured together so as to form a unitary structure havin double the thickness of a single layer; ut, so far as I am an oil paint.

aware, no method has heretofore been found for accomplishing this end without additional operations or special machinery. V1ewed in one of its aspects, my invention macy be said to have for its object a simple an economical process for producing waterproofed sheet material comprising a plurality of layers joined in such a manner as a to produce in effect a single sheet of double thickness.

The present invention is based upon and is subordinate to the improved process described in my prior application filed March 11, 1916, Serial No. 83,550, in which I have described the production of a waterproofed sheet by mingling with the pulp out of which the sheet is to be formed a' suitable powdered or granular waterproofing material such as asphalt or the like and, after the production of the sheet from the pulp, causing the waterproofing material to melt, preferably by passing the sheet through a hot waterproofing bath which will insure an impervious waterproofing coating.

In order to produce a sheet of any desired color, it is only necessary to color the waterproofing bath which, in fact, need not be asphalt or tar but may be in the nature of Since only the heat of the bath need penetrate the sheet which is being treated, so as to melt the contained waterproofing material, only a minimum amount 'of the colored coating material is required between the hot melted asphalt in the sheet asphalt saturating bath and carrying them,

one lying upon the other, through the usual rolls which remove the excess saturating material, a cementing together of the two sheets will take place so that the resulting product is a single sheet of double thickness. This could not heretofore be done because the asphalt that it has been necessary to employ in the bath to permit the sheet to become saturated in the short time in which this saturation must,for economy sake,take place, has been of such an oily quality as to make it extremely inefficient as a cement; and consequently if two overlying sheets made by the old process are passed' between the usual squeeze rolls no successful union of the two sheets will take place. The owdered as- .phalt that is distributed throug out the body of the sheet before it enters. the bath in my improved process becomes a very good cement when it is melted in the ordinary asphalt saturating bath and therefore when two overlying sheets are passed through the squeeze rolls, they will be firmly cemented together. The amount of the asphalt of the saturating bath that enters between two sheets passing together through the bath depends of course on the proximlty of the sheets relatively to each other; none of the asphalt entering between the sheets if the sheets are held pressed closely together, and less of the asphalt entering between the sheets if they simply lie loose one upon the other than would be the case if the sheets were intentionally held in spaced relation while passing through the bath. Thls is one of the factors which may be controlled, as may the time during which the sheets remain in the bath, and the temperature of the bath, to secure the best results for varying conditions. Thus, I am enabled to produce the laminated sheets without any change in the process or machinery that is now employed for the mere purpose of saturating fibrous sheets with liquid waterproof material and squeezing the excess waterproofing material from the single sheets after they leave the bath.

I claim:

1. The process of producing a waterproofed body or sheet of any desired color which consists in making it of pulp having small particles of waterproofing material --'distributed throughout the mass thereof,

and then immersing it in a hot bath having the desired color, to melt the aforesaid small particles of waterproofing material and at the same time cover the body or sheet with a coating of the desired color.

2. The, process of producing a waterproofed body or sheet of any desired color which consists in making it of pulp having small particles of waterproofing material distributed throughout the mass thereof, and then immersing it in a hot bath of. suitably colored liquid waterproofing material, to melt the aforesaid small particles of waterproofing material and at the same time cover the body or sheet with a coating of the desired color. v

3. The process of producing a laminated waterproofed body or sheet which consists in making several sheets of pulp having small particles of waterproofing material distributed throughout the mass thereof, laying the sheets one upon the other, passing them through a hot bath of liquid waterproofing material, and pressing them together. Y

4. The process of producing a laminated waterproofed body or sheet which consists in making several sheets of pulp having small particles of waterproofing material distributed throughout the mass thereof, laying the sheets one'upon the other, passing them through a hot bath of liquid waterproofing material, and then passing the product through rolls.

1 5. The process of producing a waterproofed body or sheet having any desired color which consists in making several sheets of pulp having small particles of asphalt distributed throughout the mass thereof, laying a plurality of sheets upon each other, and then passing them through a hot bath of liquid waterproofing material to which a desired coloring material has been added.

6. The process of producing a laminated waterproof body or sheet which consists in making several sheets of pulp having small particles of cementitious waterproofing material distributed throughout the mass thereof, passing said bodies or sheets through a hot liquid bath so as to melt the aforesaid waterproofing material, and then pressing said bodies or sheets together while they are still hot.

7. The process of producing a laminated waterproof body or sheet which consists in laying upon each other a plurality of layers made out of fibrous pulp having small particles of cementitious waterproofing material distributed through the mass thereof, and passing said body or sheet through a hot liquid bath so as to melt the aforesaid. waterproofing material.

8. The process of producing a laminated waterproof body or sheet which consists in making several sheets of pulp having small particles of waterproofing material cementitious when heated distributed throughout the mass thereof, and then subjecting said sheets to heat and pressure to melt said material so as to cause" it to spread uniformly throughout the sheets and cement said sheets together.

. 9. The process of producing alaminated waterproofbody or sheet which consists in ,making several sheets of pulp having pow- 'dered waterproofing material distributed throughout the mass thereof, heating said sheets so as to melt the aforesaid powdered material and cause it to spread uniformly throughout the sheets, and then pressing said sheets together so as to unite them.

10. The process of producing a laminated waterproof body or sheet which consists in making several sheets of pulp having small particles of waterproofing material cementitious when heated distributed throughout the mass thereof, superposing said sheets upon each other, and applying heat and pressure in the presence of an oily liquid so as to melt said waterproofing material and cause it to spread uniformly throughout the sheets and at the same time cause said sheets to be united.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification.

' 'JAMES P. ELLIOTT. 

